
Research
How a clinical trial arm actually works
Every arm of a randomized trial is a predefined group living under one rule, and the comparison between arms, not any single result, is what a trial actually measures.
Research examines the machinery behind published science: who funds a study, how peer review is conducted, which results get replicated, and why papers are withdrawn. Coverage includes publication bias and the career incentives shaping research questions. Written for scientists, students and readers assessing how much weight a paper deserves.
How science gets made and checked: grant decisions, peer review practice, replication attempts, retractions and the incentives shaping publication.

Every arm of a randomized trial is a predefined group living under one rule, and the comparison between arms, not any single result, is what a trial actually measures.