
Plain language: why clear writing is a science, not a style
Clear writing has tools, dates, and laws: Flesch-Kincaid in 1975, the Plain Writing Act in 2010, and an ISO standard in 2023. Here is what the evidence shows.

Clear writing has tools, dates, and laws: Flesch-Kincaid in 1975, the Plain Writing Act in 2010, and an ISO standard in 2023. Here is what the evidence shows.

Reading aloud is the core of clinic literacy programs that hand families books. A 2023 review and a 2026 randomized trial document more reading days at home and real language gains.

Citation-mapping tools trace a paper backward to its foundations and forward to its offspring. Here is what they can and cannot tell you.

Adult literacy programs deliver real but small reading gains. A 2011 trial of 198 adults, UNESCO’s 2025 count, and PIAAC surveys show what the evidence supports.

The literacy rate in the US is a skill ladder, not a pass-fail count. What the 2023 federal numbers show, and why method changes blur the trend.

A clear argument, an honest methods section and a limitations paragraph you are proud of will do more for a paper than any clever phrase.

Decades of research point to one skill at the center of learning to read — and it explains why classrooms keep changing.

National tests show a real reading slide: 31 percent of fourth-graders at Proficient, more adults at the lowest levels. The crisis label depends on the bar.

Youth science news is its own journalism. One newsroom has rewritten research for readers as young as nine since 2003, tuning vocabulary and adding teacher aids without weakening the reporting.

Why landmark results sometimes collapse when other scientists repeat them, and what open science is doing about it.